The roof of a frame house has a rather simple structure, so the construction process takes a minimum of time and effort. In order to create such a roof, it is necessary to carefully study the advice of specialists, possible drawings, choose the right material, correctly mount all structural details and secure it securely.
Species overview
Today, in the process of building a house, you can choose different types of roofs that differ in their functionality, reliability and other parameters..
Flat
The flat roof is one of the most popular and demanded in the construction of one-story houses.. This type of coverage is very often preferred by private developers. An important advantage of such a roof is the ease of installation, which can be carried out in record time. The main disadvantage of a flat roof is that she needs regular care. Even the presence of a slight slope can cause stagnation of water on the surface, which can especially negatively affect the condition of the house in the winter season. That is why close attention must be paid to cleaning the surface of the coating in order to prevent moisture from entering the house..
In addition, the presence of a flat roof completely excludes the possibility of creating a living space in the attic. A flat roof will be an excellent choice in cases where the construction budget is very limited, so you need to save money on building materials.
With one or more ramps
Shed and gable roofs have a slight slope, which greatly simplifies the operation process. Such roofs of a frame house are very popular due to a number of advantages, among which the following can be distinguished:
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opportunity to create additional living space due to the presence of free space;
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the presence of a slight bias, which ensures trouble-free drainage of water;
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lack of snow masses in the winter season, which makes it possible to significantly reduce the load on the roof and prevent leaks.
Mansard
Mansard roofs can be hip and half-hip. They have long established themselves as some of the best in the process of building a cottage. The main advantage of using a mansard-type roof is that you can create additional space under it (under the living space). In addition, there is the possibility of installing windows, which provides a higher level of comfort when living in the attic. Mansard roofs are distinguished by a unique appearance, which has a positive effect on the attractiveness and originality of the house..
Such a roof boasts a slight slope, which significantly reduces the snow load on the structure..
The main disadvantage of a mansard roof is that its creation requires large financial resources and the organization of an additional heating system. In addition, care must be taken to ensure that there is sufficient air circulation, otherwise the rafter system may collapse. Despite these shortcomings, the mansard roof continues to be popular in the process of building country cottages..
Multi-pliers
This design is not too much in demand. The peculiarity of such a roof is that there are many slopes here, so that the surface is able to cope with colossal loads.. Typically, multi-gable roofs are used in the process of creating houses with complex layouts. The main advantages of such a roof are its unique appearance and the ability to withstand huge loads..
The creation of a multi-gable roof requires large financial investments, the use of a huge amount of materials and is characterized by the complexity of installation, which will require the involvement of additional specialists..
Conical
A tapered roof is usually chosen for round-shaped houses, therefore it is almost impossible to see such structures in our country. The roof features a unique appearance and ease of maintenance. As for the disadvantages, such a design is characterized by complex installation and requires heavy calculations. This roof is very often used in the process of creating original houses, which are distinguished by their design solution and unique shape..
Materials (edit)
The choice of raw materials must be given close attention, since the reliability of the roof and its durability depend on it.. In the process of selecting the optimal covering material, many factors must be taken into account, however, the main criterion is the slope angle of the roof. It depends on this how long the roof can serve, how long it will retain its characteristics and whether it will be safe during operation.
If the angle of inclination of the roof is more than 10 degrees, then it is best to use corrugated board, which has already proven its effectiveness, reliability, but also boasts an affordable cost. With a slope of 12 to 60 degrees, the ideal solution would be to lay slate, shingles or metal tiles. Experts note that the optimal slope today is 30-45 degrees.
Such a slope significantly increases the durability of the roof, reduces the load on its frame, as a result of which this roof will be as safe and attractive as possible from an aesthetic point of view..
In the process of choosing the optimal material for the roof, the following recommendations must be taken into account:
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the material must fully correspond to the type of roof, otherwise, it will not be able to cope with the loads and will become unusable in the near future;
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the material should be selected in this way, so that its service life and the durability of the rafter system itself coincide;
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when choosing a material, it is necessary to take into account not only its attractiveness, but also technical characteristics, the ability to cope with the climatic features of the region and the financial capabilities of the owner.
Despite the huge selection of materials that can be found on the market, flexible shingles and metal shingles are the most popular today. Such a high demand is due to their low weight, resistance to external factors, ease of installation and durability. With proper installation, such a roof can last for decades, providing a high degree of housing security from external factors..
Preparatory work
The roof of a frame house is good because you can build it yourself. Of course, rather complex projects cannot be done alone, but you can get by with the help of relatives and not involve additional specialists. In order for the process of installing the roof to go as efficiently and quickly as possible, it is necessary to pay close attention to the preparatory work. When designing a house, it is extremely important to think over the shape that the roof will have and the slopes necessary for the slopes..
Also, best of all decide in advance what kind of roofing material the master will use when creating a roof, since it is on this that the structure of the rafter system in the future depends. To ensure maximum safety, during the development of the project, it is necessary to think over the distance between the rafters and their cross-section, as well as pay close attention to the sheathing step. At the last stage, materials are already being prepared for carrying out insulation works, as well as organizing steam and waterproofing.
How to do it yourself?
Creating a roof for a frame house with your own hands is not so difficult with a competent approach. In the process of carrying out work, it is imperative to take into account the structure of the rafter system, follow the layout of the elements and use exclusively high-quality materials.
Rafter system
In order for all work to be carried out at a high level, it is necessary to correctly calculate the rafter system. The strength of the final structure depends on a number of parameters, including: the slope of the slope, the climatic conditions of the region, the mass of the material, its length and other indicators that must be taken into account when creating a rafter system.
To ensure maximum durability of the roof of a frame house, it is best to use a beam with a cross-section of at least 150 mm..
Before starting work, it will be necessary to prepare templates, after which it is already possible to connect several pairs of rafters together. Fastening must be carried out on each side in order to achieve maximum strength and reliability. Thick bolts can be used if docking is required. This option is characterized by its safety, especially when compared with nails. The size and pitch of the crate can be calculated on your own using construction calculators. In this case, it is imperative to take into account the slope of a certain material..
Roofing
Laying roofing material is one of the most important steps in creating the roof of a frame house.. First of all, it will be necessary to mount the eaves strip, for which you can use ordinary self-tapping screws. Only then can the metal tile be lifted onto the roof. If one sheet is not enough to cover the roof, then the length can be increased. Overlapping build-up is the ideal solution. Laying roofing material using this technology will allow you to get a reliable and high-quality roof at the exit, which will last for many years and will be able to provide reliable protection of housing from external factors.
To ensure the preservation of heat in the attic space and throughout the house, it will be necessary to carry out insulation work. First, a layer of vapor barrier material is laid, which is designed to protect the insulation from warm air vapors.
Fastening can be carried out on the inside of the rafters using a conventional stapler.
In order to prevent atmospheric precipitation from getting on the insulation, it is necessary think over the placement of a layer of waterproofing material. The optimal raw material today is a diffusion membrane, which is able to create an insurmountable barrier between the insulation and the roof and provide reliable protection against moisture..
Thus, when installing the roof of a frame house, it is imperative you need to take into account the peculiarities of the building system, climatic conditions and other factors.
For the installation of the truss system of a frame house, see the following video.
