All about board sheds

Every owner of a summer cottage understands the importance of building a barn. In such a room you can store a variety of garden tools and just things. Also, a homemade barn can be used to keep farm animals.. The utility block will allow you to equip a warehouse for storing the harvested crop, conservation or a workshop.

Peculiarities

Hozblok must be built according to preliminary the project taking into account the site plan. A board shed can be built for a specific purpose or used as a versatile space with multiple zones. It should be noted that in most cases, approval of the construction of a utility block, obtaining a permit is not required.

Features of the boardwalk:

• the construction itself should be fast and not very expensive;
• it is important to make the shed solid and reliable so that it will serve for more than one year, it is worth taking care of the minimum comfort;
• the construction should be carried out taking into account fire, sanitary and technical standards;
• it is worth taking care of high-quality ventilation of the room.

You need to think about the size of the barn in advance. They depend solely on the purpose of use.. Minimum parameters depending on the application:

• a small room of 1.5×1.5 meters is suitable for storing various inventory; inside it is easy to organize a system with various shelves and hooks;
• for additional placement of fertilizers, paints, animal feed and other things, it is worth slightly increasing the parameters to 1.5×2 meters;
• in the shed, you can place a pump, a lawn mower and other equipment, the size should be about 2×3 meters, the same dimensions are enough for a shed in which 10–20 hens of hens will live;
• you can build a utility block with a certain amount of space, but sheds are rarely larger than 3×6 meters.

Selection of materials

The construction of a barn for a summer residence requires a certain preparation. A temporary building can also be made from old boards, but for a long-term version, such savings are unjustified.. Foundation made from different materials. You can make it from pipes, brick, concrete and more.

The optimal height of the shed is considered to be 2-2.3 m, and the length and width – 2×2 or 2×3 m. If you make the dimensions larger, then inside it will be possible to store not only inventory for work, but also firewood and other things. You can even divide the room into zones or add a veranda..

The size should be taken into account when calculating the material. The main raw materials will be boards and beams.

For the foundation you will need sand. Roofing material will allow you to make waterproofing between the supports and logs. The floor is laid from tongue-and-groove boards, she shows herself perfectly. A variety of nails and screws will come in handy for fasteners. The shed itself is made from edged boards – an ideal material for sheathing the frame.

You should also choose in advance roofing material. Even a simple one will do slate. Do not forget about the door and window, accessories for them. The outside of the barn is recommended paint for protection from natural factors.

It is worth noting that you should not use lining for cladding a shed.. Under the influence of moisture, it will quickly lose its decorative properties. The frames are built from thick timber, and otherwise a thinner board is used. Different sizes are needed to fit doors and windows.

Site selection and layout

The shed can be combined with existing buildings or installed separately. First, it is worth calculating the size of the structure itself. There are also certain requirements for choosing a place for construction..

Of course, if the shed is small, for example, 50×100 or 50×150 cm, then you don’t have to worry too much about the selection of a site. But in the case of a household block where a bird or other living creature will live, there are rules. The following sanitary and urban planning standards should be observed:

• the neighboring area should be at least 4 meters;
• the shed can be installed at a distance of 15 meters from a residential building;
• a well with drinking water should be at least 30-50 meters.

The place should not be heated during precipitation. The shed can be positioned so that the structure protects some area from gusts of wind.

It is important that the building does not block the sun in the neighboring area, otherwise neighbors may file a complaint.

How to build with your own hands?

Outbuildings are used for different purposes and have different sizes. You always want to build a country shed quickly and cheaply. It should be noted that the building for animals will need to be insulated, otherwise they will simply freeze in winter. A properly built barn will last for many years and will perform its functions perfectly..

Foundation

Lightweight frame sheds are usually installed on pile or columnar bases. Also, the construction of the foundation is highly dependent on the soil. If the earth is clayey, heaving, then you should not put pillars. Ground displacement during the precipitation season will be very critical, supports can be squeezed out and skewed. On peaty and weak soil, a foundation on piles is more effective.

Primarily produced markup. You will need a tape measure, stakes and a cord. The longest wall of the barn is fixed with stakes and a cord.

The corners of the future building can be outlined using any measuring devices, such as a tape measure. The rest of the stakes are driven in, and the strapping is done.

Foundations with supports in the form of pillars are used more often due to their simplicity and reliability. Usually supports made from clay bricks, sleepers, concrete blocks, asbestos-cement or PVC pipes and even from car tires. Pillars are placed in the corners and at a distance of 1.3–1.5 m along the entire perimeter. Also, the supports are placed under the partitions of the future floor..

The foundation of the supports step by step:

• dig a hole about 35–40 cm deep, this is enough when using brick or concrete;
• pour 20 cm of sand, tamp;
• lay out pillars 40×40 cm with a height of 50-60 cm, depending on the size of the shed;
• pour the solution, after it has hardened, all sides should be treated with a waterproofing compound, the cracks should be closed.

The pipes are used as formwork. They are used in cases where the soil is loose (you just can’t pour the solution). Instructions for the construction of pipe supports:

• make a well about 80 cm deep, you can deviate 10 cm in any direction, dig by hand or with a drill;
• pour 10 cm of sand to the bottom;
• lay waterproofing material, roofing material can be used;
• the selected pipes are laid as formwork, each element is securely fixed;
• lay 3-4 rods of reinforcement;
• pour concrete solution, wait for hardening;
• fill up sinuses with a seal.

The pile foundation is made by professionals, this is impossible on its own. Temporary sheds do not require a foundation at all, and only timber and boards are used as materials.

It is important that the building does not occupy more than 20 m². It is undesirable to use on clay soil: it retains moisture for a long time. Wood must be treated with antiseptic compounds.

Frame

Quite an important stage of construction. The frame consists of a bottom rail and a crown that run horizontally, as well as vertical intermediate and corner posts.

1. The lower piping is pre-waterproofed. Roofing material is laid on concrete in two layers. This will prevent moisture transfer from the foundation to the wood..
2. The bars of the lower harness are laid along the perimeter and in the center of the building. For information, the method of “cutting in a half-tree” is used. If there is no experience of such work, then when cutting it is worth leaving a little wood, and further adjust the dimensions with a file. The joints can be reinforced with self-tapping screws or metal corners. So the structure will receive an additional margin of safety..
3. The bars are mounted to the supports with anchors using nuts.
4. If a timber of 50×100 mm is selected, then it is placed on the edge for reliability.
5. Racks are fixed at the corners. For greater strength, they should be propped up with slopes at an angle of 45 °.
6. Between the intermediate posts there should be no more than 1-1.5 m.
7. In place of the future door, special supports are attached. The distance between them is equal to the doorway.
8. The crown is used to combine corner posts with intermediate ones into a single whole. The bars are located horizontally at the top of the frame. For convenient installation, you can lay the floor without fixing the boards.
9. It is recommended to install the front door at this stage..

If you want to do canopy near the shed, this should also be taken into account when constructing the frame. Typically, this small space is used for resting after work, hanging the washbasin and temporarily storing tools that are in use. The canopy should not be too large so as not to overload the structure.

Also, after assembling the frame, you should lay the floor..

Roof

The barn is a simple household structure. It is perfectly acceptable to use shed roof, which is easy to execute. The advantages of this option:

• easy installation combined with reliability;
• cheapness, because you need a little material;
• easy to waterproof.

It is important to choose the material for the roof and the angle of the slope.. The latter is important, because if the snow accumulates, it can break the coating. Usually the slope is made at least 25-30 °.

The nuances of installation depend on the material.

• Wave and flat slate. The option is cheap, but it lasts no more than 3 years. Also, slate is fragile, it can suffer from the fall of large branches. The panels are quite heavy (about 20 kg) and put additional stress on the frame. The slate is overlapped by 30–35 cm. Installation begins from the lower tier, and special nails are used to fix it.

• Corrugated board. May have a drainage groove or not. Panels are grouped by 3 sheets. The assembly always starts at the bottom. Protective strips are installed on the outer panels.

• Metal roof tiles. For installation, self-tapping screws with thermal washers are used as a seal. The sheets are overlapped. The fixing screws are screwed in at a 90 ° angle. It is important to firmly press the material against the batten. At the end, grounding is required..

Than to paint outside?

The board shed is beautiful in itself, but you need to cover it for protection. Wood will quickly deteriorate from exposure to moisture and the external environment. There are a lot of paints and varnishes on the market, but you should choose responsibly. We list the common tools for outdoor work.

• Stains, impregnations and transparent paints. The material does not leave a film on the wood, it has a penetrating effect. The compositions have high vapor permeability and ensure complete drying of the walls. Used to cover large surfaces.

• Oil, polyurethane and alkyd compounds. After drying, a film remains on the tree, which protects against external influences. The paint is durable and decorative. Great for a barn, because it protects the tree mechanically.

• Acrylic and acrylate compounds. They leave a thin film that serves as a hydro-barrier. Provide quality protection. This type of paint is low cost, therefore it is used most often. Water-soluble formulations have decorative properties.

Watch a video on how to build a barn from boards.